ana论文范文

ana论文范文

毕业论文答辩决议书范文（通用10篇）

艰苦的大学生活即将结束，大学毕业前都要通过最后的毕业论文，毕业论文是一种比较正规的、比较重要的检验学生学习成果的形式，那么应当如何写毕业论文呢？下面是我帮大家整理的毕业论文答辩决议书范文，希望能够帮助到大家。

复旦大学硕士研究生XX的学位论文《XXXXX》从单核苷酸多态性（SNP）和拷贝数变异（CNV）两个不同的遗传学研究角度对中国人痛风遗传变异进行深入研究，发现了4个新的痛风易感候选基因，并分析了遗传异质性因素对于遗传因素和痛风易感性关联的影响，从尿酸排泄和炎症反应两个痛风发生的生理过程部分解释了痛风的发病机制。

当前，随着痛风/高尿酸血症研究的不断深入，遗传因素对于疾病发生中的作用越来越受到重视。本论文进一步在中国人群中探讨了遗传因素对于痛风易感性的作用，为今后的诊断和防治提供了宝贵的信息。

本论文立题有一定新意，论文工作量饱满，结构合理，逻辑结构清晰，文字表达清晰，图标清楚，达到硕士研究生学位论文要求。在论文答辩中，该生思路清晰，表达准确，较为清楚地回答了委员们提出的问题。因此，答辩委员会认为XX同学具有扎实的基础理论和系统的专业知识，具备了从事本学科的科学研究工作的能力。

经过答辩委员会讨论和无记名投票，一致通过XX同学的硕士论文答辩，建议授予XX同学硕士学位。同时答辩委员会一致认为学位论文。《XXXXX》是一篇优秀的硕士学位论文。

xxxx大学xxx学院xxx专业研究生xx所完成的题目为“”的学位论文，选题适当，具有较深的理论意义和广泛的实用价值。作者系统地归纳和综合地评述了有关文献，掌握了该领域内的研究现状和发展方向。本文作者通过大量的文献阅读和亲身的实践经验研究了一种基于xxxx的xxxxx法，完成了对xxxxxx，并设计出了xxxxxxx系统。

论文取得了下列研究成果：

1、详细介绍了基于xxxx的xxxxxxx法，并与传统的xxxxxx法进行了比较，总结出每种xxxxxxx方法的优缺点，指出采用xxxxxxxx法的优势。

2、研究并设计了基于法的xxxxxxx电路。由于采用该种方法不需要xxxxxxxx电路，因此，解决了传统的xxxxxxx等问题。

3、研究并设计了基于的xxxxxx硬件电路。其中，包括对控制电源、单片机外围电路、驱动电路、逆变电路以及保护电路的设计等，并在硬件电路设计中考虑了软硬件抗干扰措施。

4、介绍了在xxxxxxxx模式下的常用的xxxxxxx方法，详细分析了xxxxxxxx控制中最常用的xxxxx技术，并编写出了程序，使xxxx能够顺利xxxxxxxx。

5、完成了控制系统的调试工作，其中包括硬件电路的调试和整个系统的软硬件联调，最后给出了系统调试结果。

论文工作表明作者已经掌握本学科扎实的理论基础和深入系统的专业知识，独立从事科研工作能力强。论文结构合理，论述清楚，逻辑性强，已达到学术硕士学位论文的要求。

答辩过程中表达清楚，回答问题正确。答辩委员会一致同意通过答辩，并建议授予其学术硕士学位。

系统性红斑狼疮和类风湿性关节炎都是由基因和环境因素相互作用的、临床表现复杂的自身免疫性疾病。被用于研究PTPN22基因多态性与云南汉族系统性红斑狼疮和类风湿性关节炎的相关性。

论文采用2个群体（SLE，RA），应用PCR—RFLP和直接测序的方法，对PTPN22基因7个SNPs（rs1217414，rs1217418，rs3765598，rs1746853，rs2470601，rs1970559，rs3811021）多态进行检测，并对检测结果采用SPSS11.5、Plink1.07、HaploView软件进行数据统计分析。并对各个位点的多态与系统性红斑狼疮和类风湿性关节炎相关性进行讨论。得到如下结果：

1、PTPN22基因C1858T位点在云南汉族人群中无多态性。内含子rs1217414，rs1217418，rs1746853多态性可能与云南汉族SLE，RA相关。内含子rs1970559与云南汉族SLE，RA无关。rs3765598和rs3811021位点突变可能与云南汉族系统性红斑狼疮相关，rs3811021位点突变可能与云南汉族类风湿性关节炎相关。

2、rs1217414，rs1746853，rs3811021位点突变与系统性红斑狼疮各临床指标无关。rs1217418突变可能与WBC有关，rs1970559可能与BUT，WBC有关，rs3765598可能与抗ANA1和抗ANA2抗体有关。

3、单倍型（CATTCT）为主要单倍型。单倍型（CAGTCC），单倍型（CATTCC）和单倍型（TATTCT）显著降低系统性红斑狼疮风险性（PPAGTTC）

论文选题新颖，有一定创新性，实验设计和实验结果科学。论文内容丰富，写作规范，逻辑清晰，结构合理。答辩回答问题正确，思路清晰，已达到硕士研究生水平，一致通过答辩，建议授予理学硕士学位。

xxx同学采用实验研究法， 通过干预社区脑卒中患者的功能锻炼， 探讨以保证脑卒中患者肢体功能得到更大程度的恢复， 身体状况得到 更大的改善为最终目标， 寻找一种高效的功能锻炼指导模式， 确保社 区居家脑卒中患者能够获得系统、规范、连续的功能锻炼指导，为其 进一步康复提供保证。 使出院脑卒中患者能在住院治疗后的恢复期中 得到持续的卫生保健服务， 最大程度的重建患者肢体功能， 预防再复 发。同时，该探究将有利于节约社区卫生服务成本，提高社区医护人 员对于脑卒中管理的效率及效果，最终产生良好的经济社会效益。 该论文选题鲜明，具有实用性，研究设计较合理，所得数据真实 可信， 统计方法使用得当， 结果分析较深入， 论文撰写格式符合要求， 该论文已达到硕士学位论文的要求。 该生在论文答辩中回答问题实事求是， 思路清晰。 经答辩委员会 无记名投票，一致通过论文答辩，并建议授予医学硕士学位。

答辩委员会主席：

xxxx年xx月xx日

XX 同学的硕士学位论文《XXXXXXXXX》 ，选题紧跟我国禁烟控烟 的热点话题，科研设计简单合理，具有一定的理论价值和现实意义。 依据世界卫生组织发布的 《烟草控制框架公约》 和近 5 年来发布的 《中 国控制吸烟报告》 ，确定预防的重点对象是年轻的大学生群体，在文 献研究和时事动态分析的基础上， 对高校大学生吸烟与被动吸烟现况 进行了横断面调查研究，以及详细分析了其各自的影响因素。 论文内容真实，层次分明，逻辑性强，图表清晰度有待加强，论 据比较充分，数据准确，资料详实，统计学处理正确，结论可靠。 答辩时的论述符合一般逻辑，能够正确回答问题，论文表明作者 掌握了社会医学与卫生事业管理专业的基本理论和医学社会科学研 究方法，知识面比较宽广，拥有较强的独立科研能力。 答辩委员会认为本篇论文达到了硕士学位研究生论文水平， 答辩 委员会委员全体无记名投票通过论文答辩，建议授予医学硕士学位。

本论文主要研究裂褶菌F17锰过氧化物酶的酶学性质，并在单因子分析法的基础上，通过响应面法优化了影响该酶活力的各个因素。同时将研究的结果应用于染料脱色中，发挥其在环境保护中的作用。作者还初步进行了基因克隆实验，并且优化了反应体系，获得了一些序列。这些研究结果对于进一步研究、开发应用锰过氧化物酶具有一定的参考意义。论文立项具有一定的理论意义和实际应用价值。

该论文目标明确，研究路线合理，实验数据翔实，实验结果可信，观点正确。论文书写规范，层次清晰，图表规范。作者答辩表达清楚，回答问题思路清晰，论文已达硕士论文的学术水平。

经答辩委员会讨论评议和无记名方式投票表决，一致通过其毕业论文答辩，建议授予理学硕士学位。

本论文主要探讨了产广谱乳酸菌素菌株的.筛选、鉴定、发酵的全过程。筛选到了一株既可抑制革兰氏阳性菌又可抑制革兰氏阴性菌的乳酸菌，经鉴定是一株植物乳杆菌;又通过摇瓶发酵数据优化了菌株发酵条件;并初步探索了菌株固定化的条件。该论文立意新颖，研究目标明确，数据方案设计较合理，方法可靠。论文研究为进一步探索乳酸菌素的生产条件提供了依据与实验研究基础，具有一定的应用价值。

该论文书写规范，逻辑性强。答辩表达清楚，回答问题思路清晰，论文已达硕士论文的学术水平。

硕士学位论文答辩委员会决议： 分布式视频编码是一种新兴的编码框架， 它可以将计算复杂度从编码端转移 到解码端， 同时具有较好的压缩效率和抗误码能力，非常适合于一些新兴的应用 场合。论文对分布式视频编码中的 WZ 帧编码技术进行了研究，选题科学，具有 较高的理论研究意义和实际应用价值。 论文首先利用统计学的原理分析证明边信息与待解码 WZ 帧之间的较强相似 性，提出以边信息来填充 WZ 帧高频子块的思路，并将其运用到嵌入式分级编码 中，构造出改进的基于 DCT 和小波变换的 WZ 帧编码架构。实验表明，改进方法 与 H.263+(帧内编码)、H.264(帧内编码)的性能相当。 论文概念清楚，分析严谨，理论推导正确，做了较多的仿真实验，并对实验 结论作了理论上的阐述和讨论。 论文有创新，表明作者在本专业具有扎实的理论 基础和系统的专门知识，有较强的独立从事科研的能力。答辩时，条理清楚，回 答问题正确。经答辩委员会讨论，一致同意通过硕士论文答辩，建议授予工学硕 士学位。

本文对分级进风燃烧室内的高温气固两相流动与燃烧过程进行了实验研究，对于了解分级燃烧过程的两相流动、燃烧与污染物生成机理，发展分级燃烧技术，具有重要的学术意义和实用价值。

本文取得了以下主要成果：

1）建立了分级进风燃烧室高温气固两相流动热态实验装置系统。

2）应用三维激光粒子动态分析仪对分级进风燃烧室内有气相燃烧的高温气固流动进行了测量，得到了气固两相平均轴向与切向速度和湍流脉动特性以及两相轴向与切向速度的概率密度函数，揭示了燃烧室内高温气固两相流动的特点。

3）对分级进风燃烧室内湍流燃烧的温度场和组分浓度场进行了测量，阐明了二次风率对气体温度场、组分浓度场和NO浓度场的影响规律。

论文表明作者掌握了本学科坚实的基础理论和系统的专门知识，具有独立从事科学研究工作的能力。论文写作规范，图表完备。答辩中叙述清晰，回答问题正确。答辩委员会经表决，5票一致同意通过论文答辩，并建议授予郑晓川工学硕士学位。

速生材改性研究是木材科学与应用研究领域十分重要的课题。论文选题紧密结合学科发展和实际应用需要，具有较强的理论意义和较好的应用背景。立题正确。

作者对国内外在木材改性领域的研究情况和发展趋势做了较充分的调研和分析，在此基础上，有针对性地开展了三倍体毛白杨木材化学改性研究。论文采用4种不同的方法对木材进行化学改性处理，通过尺寸稳定性、阻燃性、抗吸水性、硬度等的检测，考察了各种改性木材的物理力学性能，得出以下主要研究结论：

1）用含有纳米SiO2的UF、PF树脂复合处理剂处理木材时，二氧化硅对提高木

材的尺寸稳定性和硬度具有明显的作用，且纳米二氧化硅能够降低处理材的游离甲醛释放量；2）马来酸酐/苯乙烯和马来酸酐/环氧氯丙烷复合处理液均能够在一定程度上提高木材的尺寸稳定性、抗吸水性、抗吸湿性和硬度。研究成果具有一定的理论意义和实际应用价值。

论文实验设计合理，数据完整，撰写认真，文字流畅，图表清晰，工作量饱满。论文答辩中，讲解重点突出，回答问题基本正确，表明该同学具有较好的本学科理论基础及相关的专业知识，具备了较好的综合分析能力和从事科研工作的能力，论文达到了硕士学位水平要求。

全体答辩评委一致同意通过论文答辩，建议授予工学硕士学位。

随着计算机主频、内存的快速发展，显示清晰度和显示尺寸的限制已经成为计算机系统的瓶颈。如何利用高性能价格比的机群实现超高分辨率的高清晰度大尺寸显示正在成为并行可视化方向一个重要的研究课题。李颖敏同学的硕士论文以设计基于机群的拼贴显示系统提供方便的编程接口和编程环境为目的，其选题具有前瞻性，论文的工作有很好的应用前景。（第一段：选题的意义）

论文在分析调研国际目前研究动态的基础上应用“分布式共享显示内存”的新概念提出了一种并行程序环境下的拼贴显示接口，并以两种形式实现了该接口，简化了系统应用的编程实现。提供了一些测试用的应用程序，为今后的研究工作提供了有参考价值的研究平台。展示了基于机群作分布式显示的良好前景。同时作者还利用该拼贴显示接口为一个地理图像信息系统实现了多屏显示应用，满足了该应用对高分辨率显示的需求。（第二段：论文工作取得的成果或新见解） 论文工作表明作者基础理论和专业知识都比较好，掌握了计算机系统结构领域分析问题、解决问题的基本方法和技能。对拼贴显示领域有较深的了解，对机群系统，尤其是有较好的基础知识和技术，具备了一定的独立工作能力和实际动手能力（第三段：对科研能力及对论文的评价）

论文组织合理，叙述清晰，文字简洁流畅，理论与实践结合得较好。答辩中表达清楚，思维敏捷，能够正确回答问题。经答辩委员会无记名投票，一致通过该同学的硕士论文答辩，并一致建议授予李颖敏同学工学硕士学位。（第四段：答辩中的表现及结论性意见）

关于商业的英语论文， 3000字左右

这是一篇关于商业投资的英语论文。
Are you investing in the right industry?

Does the term book-to-bill ratio sound familiar to you? Do you know the demand and supply numbers of private condominiums in Singapore for the next year ? If you do, you must have already performed some sort of industry analysis on the electronics and property industries (or sectors as commonly referred to in stockmarket terms).

Most investment processes include some sort of industry analysis. This is important because many studies have shown that over a period of time, some industries have per-formed better than others. For example, between 1987 and 1996, banking stocks in Singapore have generated better returns than other industries such as shiprepair. Industry analyses will uncover these performance differences and help identify both unprofitable and profitable opportunities
(situations).

It is also important to note that past performance alone will not help predict future performance. The factors or conditions that helped an industry to prosper in the past will change over time. Identifying and studying these factors will provide some clues to the entry and exit points of the investments. Going back to our earlier example, economic growth is an important criterion for banks' earnings. Between 1987 and 1996, Singapore enjoyed an uninterrrupted average GDP growth of 8.9%. This allowed the banks' earnings to grow at a compound rate of 11.3% when the broader market generated only 8.5% growth. With GDP growth decelerating because of the Asian crisis, can we maintain the same sanguine outlook for the banks?

Having determined that industry analyses are important for successful investing, the next step is to find out how we can go about doing one. There is no generic framework that is applicable to all industries, but there are commonalities which we can identify. In a free market economy, demand and supply are key determinants of price, and price is always an important contributor to any profit-driven organisation. Hence, a successful indstry ana-lysis will have to identify the underlying fac-tors driving demand and supply.

Factors that drive demand vary across industries, and are too numerous to list. However, it is important to note that demand can be categorised as "seasonal", "cyclical" or "secular". As the word suggests, seasonal fac-tors recur year after year. Cyclical factors, on the other hand, follow
very closely to the economic cycles of the market. Secular factors are more long term in nature. Seasonality or economic cycles will have minimal impact on secular trends.

Take an airline as an illustration. Most Singaporeans take their vacation in December. That is why airline seats are difficult to secure during that time. This is the seasonal factor because it occurs every year around the same time. Having said that, Singaporeans usually take vacations more frequently when the economy is doing well, and less so during reccessionary times. The rise and fall in demand in accordance to economic activities is the cyclical factor. Finally, the middle class population in Singapore has been rising over the last 20 years. This group is generally more affluent. Part of the lifestyle usually includes taking regular vacations to exotic destinations. Such lifestyle doesn't change annually, nor does it follow the ups and downs of economic growth. The demand for air travel will grow so long as the middle class population continues to
increase. This is an example of secular demand.

Classifying demand factors into these categories is very useful. As long-term inves-tors, we do not want to be constantly reacting to signs that are short term and volatile in nature such as seasonal, and to a lesser extent, cyclical trends. Buying and selling stocks based on these short-term trends are not only expensive (brokerage cost) but difficult to time as well. Instead, we should focus on long-term trends. They usually have a longer and more permanent impact on share prices.

A key factor in identifying an attractive industry is pricing power. The ability of an industry to price its product at a profitable level without compromising its business pros-pect is important, and this is affected by many factors. Inelastic demand allows the tobacco producers to maintain good profits despite the rapidly rising tariffs all these years. Barriers to entry is another factor. Mobile-phone charges used to be very expensive because there was only Singapore Telecom providing the ser-vice (monopoly). With increased competition from M1, rates have been declining gradually. All things being equal, the more competitive the industry is, the lower the pricing power, and hence profits. Competition may be good for the consumers, but it seldom benefits the shareholders. Another factor that will impact the com-petitive environment of an industry is the cost structure. In general, indsutries with high fixed costs are more competitive than those that have high variable costs. We often hear about coun-tries being accused of 'dumping steel' onto other countries. Well, this is the case in point. Steel mills are expensive to construct. But once built, the investment costs are 'sunked'. On the other hand, the running cost to produce steel is relatively low. Since there are so many steel mills around the world (almost every country has one for strategic reasons), supply is in abundance. As competition intensifies in the global market, recovering investment cost of the mills becomes a secondary objective for management. What is more important is to keep the production ongoing and sell the steel at a price that can at least cover the variable cost component. These mills will definitely be loss-making, but at least they can continue to operate and not generate serious unemploy-ment for the economy (steel industry is very labour-intensive). Having looked at the fundamental issues, do we always buy into an industry with positive trends developing? The answer is 'no'. Con-fused? Here is why. The key to any successful investments is to stay ahead of what the market is discounting. Suppose we are bullish on the outlook of the residential property sector because owning a home is every Singaporean's dream and the island has limited land supply. But this view is widely observable. Further-more, most of the residential property stocks have already outperformed the market by huge margins. These are signs that the market has probably discounted the positive conclusion of our analysis. As such, the investment upside is probably limited. Conversely, if our conclu-sion unearths new information from the gene-ral market, we may have discovered something interesting here. To confirm that we have a good find, check out the valuation to see if it is attractive. There are many valuation tools, but the commonly used ones are Price/Earnings (PE), Enterprise Value/EBITDA*, Price/Book(P/B), and Dis-counted Cash Flow (DCF). Make a cross-industry comparison as well as historical com-parison. Going back to our property example. If our conclusion is new to the market, the industry is trading at the lower end of its histo-rical PE band, and it is also very attractive on PE terms versus the other industries in Singapore...bingo! In conclusion, I would like to leave you with a brain teaser. Imagine this is 1996 and you are an investor looking at the Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) industry: DRAM is a semiconductor chip used in most electronic products such as personal computers. The business is cyclical in nature because corporate and private consumption of PCs usually rises when the economy is doing well. There are, however, two secular trends that underpin the growth in the industry. First, more and more people are buying PCs for their home and oiffice. Second, the requirement of DRAM per PC is also on the rise as processing power of computer increases exponentially. On the competitive issue, the cost to build a wafer fab is extremely high (about US$1b), and the technology is usually state-of-the-art. Besides capital and technology, there are no other significant barriers to entry. Margin for the industry had been very good because of supply shortage. This probably explained why share prices outperformed the market in 1995. The historical five-year PE band for selected stocks in the industry between 1991 and 1995 was about 10 to 100. The average PE during the period was 30. The industry is currently trading at a PE in the low teens. Would you invest in this industry? (The writer is the Investment Manager of Jardine Fleming Investment Management. This column has the support of the Investment Management Association of Singapore and the Stock Exchange of Singapore.)

护理教育学论文 500字

当今医疗行业的竞争，主要是人才、技术、服务的竞争。根据以人为对象的护理需求，提供优质、高效、一流的服务，预测服务对象的需求，主动提供服务。以医疗服务需求为导向，去组建医疗服务资源，提高医疗服务质量，扩大和巩固市场份额。人性化护理是美国人华生（Watson）首先提出的“人性照护”护理模式发展而来。人性化护理服务以尊重患者的生命价值、人格以及尊重个人隐私为核心，是一种创新、个体化、整体性的、有效的护理模式。只有不断的开拓创新，发掘人性化护理服务的新途径、新思路，才能使其持续改进，日臻完善。</p> <p>1、护理学概述</p> <p>美国护士协会（ANA）1980年提出:“护理是诊断和处理人类对现存的和潜在的健康问题的反应。”这个定义指出:护理的服务对象不仅是单纯的疾病，而是整体的人，既包括病人，也包括健康人，以及由人组成的家庭、社区和社会。护理的最终目标是提高整个人类的健康水平。护理研究的是人对健康问题的反应，即人在生理、心理和社会各方面的健康反应
。此定义是和护理程序紧密联系的，护理通过护理程序这一科学工作方法，评估、诊断、计划、实施和评价，完成对护理对象健康问题反应的诊断和处理。</p> <p>社会发展的客观需求是护理事业发展的根源；自从南丁格尔创立了护理学使护理成为一门独立的专业以来，护理模式经历了以疾病为中心—功能制护理—责任制护理—以人为本的整体护理的发展模式。在以疾病为中心的护理模式中，护理关注的重点是疾病；功能制护理则以完成各项医嘱和常规的基础护理为主，注重发挥护理的职能；责任制护理以病人为中心，其特点是一个护士自始至终负责几个患者并按护理程序和方法进行全面的护理，注重护理质量和护理工作的连续性及健康教育、心理护理等，是一种较为先进的护理理念；现阶段的以人为本的整体护理，是基于人们不断增长的物质文化需要，对人的全面、整体的关怀和照顾[1]。这一理念拓宽了护理的视野，提高了护理的层次。